Tolkien adresserar detta i brev 156:
[Gandalf] was the only person who could direct the resistance to Sauron successfully, and all his mission was vain.
[...]
The 'wizards', as such, had failed; or if you like: the crisis had become too grave and needed an enhancement of power. [...] [Gandalf] was sent by a mere prudent plan of the angelic Valar or governors; but Authority had taken up this plan and enlarged it, at the moment of its failure.
The Letters of J.R.R. Tolkien 156: To Robert Murray, SJ (draft). November 1954
Gandalfs kampanj var ett beslut gjord av Gud för att kompensera Saurons växande makt och den avtagande kraften i Fri folk i Mellanöstern.